African News
Planting maize on a large scale involves several steps, which are summarised below:
- Site selection: Choose a site that receives adequate sunlight and has well-drained soil. The soil should also have a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.
- Land preparation: Clear the land of all vegetation, including weeds and grass. Till the soil using a tractor or a plow to create a fine seedbed.
- Seed selection: Choose high-quality seed from a reputable source. Maize seed should be tested for germination and purity before planting.
- Fertilization: Conduct a soil test to determine the soil nutrient content. Apply fertilizer to the soil to correct any nutrient deficiencies. Maize requires a balanced fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
- Planting: Maize should be planted when the soil temperature is at least 60°F (15.5°C). Plant the seeds at a depth of 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) in rows that are spaced 30-36 inches (75-90 cm) apart. The seeds should be planted about 8-10 inches (20-25 cm) apart within the row.
- Irrigation: Maize requires adequate water to grow, so it is important to provide irrigation during periods of drought or low rainfall. Irrigation should be provided at regular intervals to keep the soil moist.
- Weed control: Weeds compete with maize for water and nutrients, so it is important to control them. Use a pre-emergent herbicide to control weeds before they emerge. Hand weeding can also be done when necessary.
- Pest control: Maize is susceptible to pests such as corn borers, cutworms, and armyworms. Use insecticides and other pest control measures to protect the crop from damage.
- Harvesting: Maize is ready for physiological maturity.
